Protecting Your Business Against Theft, Embezzlement, and Fraud, Part 12: Small Business Guide to Reducing Your Tax Burden Legally

Editor’s note: Welcome to the final installment of our 12-part series — “Small Business Guide to Reducing Your Tax Burden Legally.” Admittedly, this final installment is technically outside the scope of this series in that it has little to do with saving money on taxes. However, it does have a lot to do with keeping more of the money you earn as a small-business owner.

Another difference is that we recruited a contributor to write this post — Jen Rodriguez, a Southern California-based forensic accountant with a Master of Accountancy and more than 20 years’ experience in accounting, operations, and data management. Rodriguez is also a graduate of Florida Atlantic University’s Forensic Accounting, Digital Forensics, and Data Analytics master’s program.

Protecting Your Business Against Theft, Embezzlement, and Fraud
By Jen Rodriguez, MAcc

Today’s headlines are filled with stories about small-business fraud, but a vast majority of these stories are about small-businesses committing fraud against the government. Most recently, the news media have focused on fraud involving the Paycheck Protection Program (PPP) — the federal government program designed to keep small businesses solvent during the coronavirus pandemic. The PPP provided ample opportunity for con artists and dishonest small-business owners to defraud the government — and you, the taxpayers — of millions of dollars.

Protecting a business against fraud.

What you hear much less about are the far more common crimes against small businesses, many of which are committed by trusted employees. These crimes include the following:

  • Theft: Stealing money or property from the business outright.
  • Embezzlement: Diverting money or property from the business for the employee’s own personal use.
  • Fraud: Tricking a business into “voluntarily” giving away money or property.

These crimes cut into the profits of any business, but they can be especially devastating to small businesses, and are more difficult and costly for those small businesses to protect against and recover from. In this post, I look at the high costs of these workplace crimes (often referred to as occupational fraud); suggest ways that small businesses can protect against, detect, and recover from these crimes; and highlight the importance of retaining professional services when necessary.

Recognizing the High Costs of Theft, Embezzlement, and Fraud

The U.S. economy is built on the backs of small-business owners, who collectively account for $8.5 trillion dollars of the country’s $17 trillion Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Unfortunately, as we all know, money attracts thieves, and small businesses are often the easiest targets.

Criminal schemes targeting small businesses rarely attract public attention and often go undetected for many years. That’s no surprise given the fact that crimes targeting small businesses are often inside jobs committed by trusted employees. In fact, employees are stealing more than employers are aware. Recent statistics on employee theft reports that 75 percent of employees have admitted to stealing from their employer once, and 37.5 percent have stolen twice.

To protect their businesses and their own financial health, small business owners must Continue reading…

Calculating Tax Withholding and Estimated Taxes, Part 11: Small Business Guide to Reducing Your Tax Burden Legally

Nobody looks forward to paying taxes, but it’s less painful when tax withholdings are calculated by an employer and automatically withheld from your pay. Much easier than crunching the numbers ourselves and then paying the government out of our savings. Somehow, the latter process feels like we’re working for Uncle Sam, and that’s not a pleasant feeling.

Here in the United States, ours is a pay-as-you-go tax system, meaning we taxpayers are expected and required to pay taxes on our income as we earn it — instead of paying it all at once at the end of the year. Employees have taxes automatically withheld from their paychecks by their employers, which satisfies the taxing authority’s requirement.

In contrast, if you’re a small-business owner, you face the onerous task of calculating your income and expenses, estimating the amount of tax owed on that amount, and cutting checks (or making electronic payments) for the amounts due to state and federal entities. These include the Franchise Tax Board here in California, and/or the Internal Revenue Service (IRS). And, you’re required to repeat this process four times a year, to pay your businesses quarterly estimated federal, state, and local taxes.

No one wants to get stuck with a huge tax bill (and penalties) at the end of the year. Nor do we want to overpay, which is essentially giving the government a free loan while leaving ourselves and our business with less of the money we earned. As small-business owners ourselves, we at Stees Walker & Company, LLP, feel your pain, so in this part of our Small Business Guide to Reducing Your Tax Burden Legally — the 11th in our 12-part series — we lead you through the process of estimating your taxes, hopefully making it a little less painful. But first, we need cover a few preliminary topics.

Understanding Tax Withholdings and Estimated Taxes

According to the IRS, “Taxes must be paid as you earn or receive income during the year, either through withholding or estimated tax payments.” Withholdings are taxes an employer collects on behalf of the taxing authorities and sends to them on behalf of the employee. Estimated taxes are generally those paid quarterly based on a business entity’s expected business income. Taxpayers are required to pay estimated taxes in the following situations:

  • The amount of income tax withheld from your salary or pension is not enough.
  • You receive additional income such as interest, dividends, alimony, self-employment income, capital gains (for example, from selling stock for a profit), prizes, and awards from which taxes have not been withheld.
  • You are in business for yourself, in which case the estimated taxes you pay cover not only the income tax you owe but also self-employment tax and alternative minimum tax (if applicable).

If you don’t pay enough tax through withholding and estimated tax payments, you may be charged interest, calculated weekly, on what you should have paid. You also may be charged interest if your estimated tax payments are late, even if you are due a refund when you file your tax return.

To avoid having to pay interest, you must deposit a certain minimum amount by the end of the year: Continue reading…

Deducting the Costs of Business Meals, Entertainment, and Gifts, Part 10: Small Business Guide to Reducing Your Tax Burden Legally

As a small-business owner, you know that you can easily rack up a considerable amount in expenses over the course of the year dining with and entertaining clients, colleagues, and partners. Then there’s hosting “free” seminars or presentations for prospective clients. And feeding your employees (for example, donuts and coffee for a morning meeting or pizza and soft drinks for a team that’s working overtime on a project). You may even have additional expenses related to gifts presented to customers and vendors to show your appreciation for their business and efforts on your behalf.

All this is money leaving the business and not going into your pocket, so it should be deductible, right? Yes, it is, but just how deductible it is depends on the context in which that money is spent and who received the benefit.

In this post — No. 10 of 12 in our Small Business Guide to Reducing Your Tax Burden Legally series — we break down business deductions for meals, entertainment, and gifts, to ensure that you’re taking full advantage of what the government allows, taking care to not do something that may prompt the government to question any of your deductions.

Deducting Meals, Entertainment, and Gifts

Deducting the Cost of Meals Out

If you’re in a business such as management consulting, marketing services, insurance, or personal finances, you likely spend considerable time meeting with clients over lunch, coffee, or drinks. In other businesses, you may meet with partners or colleagues to discuss plans for business ventures or projects you’re currently working on together. As long as meals you pay for under either of those scenarios are for a legitimate business purpose — with existing clients, new business prospects, and business colleagues such as vendors you work with — they’re deductible.

Costs for business meals (food and beverage) are generally deductible up to 50 percent, but expenses must meet the following conditions: Continue reading…